1,3-Dimethylol-5,5-dimethylhydantoin

1,3-Dimethylol-5,5-dimethylhydantoin



Associated High Confidence AOPs
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Associated AOPs with Level of Relevance 1
AOPs with at least 1 KE associated with chemical, where the KE(s) are neither MIE nor AO
AOP Identifier AOP Title AO Classification OECD Status Coverage Score KE Identifier KE Name
AOP:15Alkylation of DNA in male pre-meiotic germ cells leading to heritable mutationsGenetic DiseaseWPHA/WNT Endorsed0.25KE:185
Increase, Mutations
AOP:139Alkylation of DNA leading to cancer 1Cancer-0.25KE:185
Increase, Mutations
AOP:272Deposition of energy leading to lung cancerCancerWPHA/WNT Endorsed0.29KE:1636
Increase, Chromosomal aberrations
KE:185
Increase, Mutations
AOP:303Frustrated phagocytosis-induced lung cancerCancerUnder Development0.14KE:1669
Increased, DNA damage and mutation
AOP:409Frustrated phagocytosis leads to malignant mesotheliomaCancer-0.12KE:1669
Increased, DNA damage and mutation
AOP:416Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to lung cancer through IL-6 toxicity pathwayCancer-0.17KE:1669
Increased, DNA damage and mutation
AOP:417Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to lung cancer through AHR-ARNT toxicity pathwayCancer-0.2KE:1669
Increased, DNA damage and mutation
AOP:451Interaction with lung resident cell membrane components leads to lung cancerCancer-0.11KE:1669
Increased, DNA damage and mutation
AOP:478Deposition of energy leading to occurrence of cataractsNervous System Disease; Monogenic DiseaseUnder Review0.2KE:1636
Increase, Chromosomal aberrations
KE:185
Increase, Mutations
AOP:534Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibition leads to cancer through oxidative stressCancer-0.17KE:1553
Increase mutations

Associated AOPs with Level of Relevance 2
AOPs with at least 1 AO associated with chemical, and no associated MIE
AOP Identifier AOP Title AO Classification OECD Status Coverage Score KE Identifier KE Name
AOP:293Increased DNA damage leading to increased risk of breast cancerGenetic Disease; Thoracic Disease; CancerUnder Development0.11KE:185
Increase, Mutations
AOP:294Increased reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) leading to increased risk of breast cancerGenetic Disease; Thoracic Disease; CancerUnder Development0.11KE:185
Increase, Mutations
AOP:296Oxidative DNA damage leading to chromosomal aberrations and mutationsGenetic Disease; Chromosomal DiseaseWPHA/WNT Endorsed0.4KE:185
Increase, Mutations
KE:1636
Increase, Chromosomal aberrations
AOP:397Bulky DNA adducts leading to mutationsGenetic DiseaseUnder Development0.33KE:185
Increase, Mutations

Associated AOPs with Level of Relevance 3
AOPs with at least 1 MIE associated with chemical, and no associated AO
AOP Identifier AOP Title AO Classification OECD Status Coverage Score KE Identifier KE Name
AOP:232NFE2/Nrf2 repression to steatosisGastrointestinal System Disease; Inherited Metabolic Disorder-0.12KE:1417
NFE2/Nrf2 repression
AOP:443DNA damage and mutations leading to Metastatic Breast CancerThoracic Disease; CancerUnder Development0.3KE:1669
Increased, DNA damage and mutation
KE:1554
Increase Chromosomal Aberrations
KE:185
Increase, Mutations
AOP:507Nrf2 inhibition leading to vascular disrupting effects via inflammation pathwayCardiovascular System Disease-0.17KE:1417
NFE2/Nrf2 repression
AOP:508Nrf2 inhibition leading to vascular disrupting effects through activating HIF1α, Semaphorin 6A, and Dll4-Notch pathwayCardiovascular System Disease-0.14KE:1417
NFE2/Nrf2 repression
AOP:509Nrf2 inhibition leading to vascular disrupting effects through activating apoptosis signal pathway and mitochondrial dysfunctionCardiovascular System Disease-0.14KE:1417
NFE2/Nrf2 repression

No associated AOPs with Level of Relevance 5
Glossary of Terms
AOP
Adverse Outcome Pathway
MIE
Molecular Initiating Event
KE
Key Event
AO
Adverse Outcome
Coverage score
The fraction of KEs within the AOP, that are mapped to the chemical-associated toxicological endpoints
Level of relevance
Qualitative rank based on the kind of associated KEs within the corresponding AOP
AO classification
The disease category corresponding to the AO in the AOP obtained from Disease Ontology
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TICToK is a knowledgebase of chemicals found in tattoo inks, compiled from publicly available regulatory and scientific resources. The chemical classifications presented in this knowledgebase are derived from multiple publicly available resources and are provided solely for informational purposes, and they are neither authoritative nor binding. The chemical-AOP mappings compiled in this knowledgebase serve as plausible hypotheses for research, and further experimental validation is required to definitively establish these potential toxicity mechanisms. The authors bear no responsibility for any errors, omissions, or inconsistencies originating from these external sources. Users are advised to exercise independent judgment when interpreting chemical classifications and any other data provided in this resource. Importantly, our sole goal to build this resource on tattoo ink chemicals is to enable future basic research on this topic, and it does not necessarily reflect the views or objectives of our employers or funders.