1,4-Dihydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione

1,4-Dihydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione



Associated High Confidence AOPs
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Associated AOPs with Level of Relevance 1
AOP Identifier AOP Title AO Classification OECD Status Coverage Score KE Identifier KE Name
AOP:17Binding of electrophilic chemicals to SH(thiol)-group of proteins and /or to seleno-proteins involved in protection against oxidative stress during brain development leads to impairment of learning and memoryDevelopmental Disorder Of Mental HealthWPHA/WNT Endorsed0.1KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
AOP:27Cholestatic Liver Injury induced by Inhibition of the Bile Salt Export Pump (ABCB11)Gastrointestinal System DiseaseUnder Development0.12KE:149Increase, Inflammation
AOP:38Protein Alkylation leading to Liver FibrosisGastrointestinal System DiseaseWPHA/WNT Endorsed0.14KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
AOP:39Covalent Binding, Protein, leading to Increase, Allergic Respiratory Hypersensitivity ResponseRespiratory System DiseaseUnder Development0.2KE:1496Increased, secretion of proinflammatory mediators
AOP:112Increased dopaminergic activity leading to endometrial adenocarcinomas (in Wistar rat)Reproductive System Disease; Cancer-0.17KE:111Agonism, Estrogen receptor
AOP:115Epithelial cytotoxicity leading to forestomach tumors (in mouse and rat)Cancer-0.2KE:149Increase, Inflammation
AOP:144Endocytic lysosomal uptake leading to liver fibrosisGastrointestinal System DiseaseUnder Review0.22KE:1494Leukocyte recruitment/activation
KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
AOP:167Early-life estrogen receptor activity leading to endometrial carcinoma in the mouse.Reproductive System Disease; Cancer-0.14KE:1065Activation, estrogen receptor alpha
AOP:173Substance interaction with the pulmonary resident cell membrane components leading to pulmonary fibrosisMusculoskeletal System Disease; Respiratory System DiseaseWPHA/WNT Endorsed0.25KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
KE:1496Increased, secretion of proinflammatory mediators
AOP:206Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ inactivation leading to lung fibrosisMusculoskeletal System Disease; Respiratory System DiseaseUnder Development0.17KE:149Increase, Inflammation
AOP:237Substance interaction with lung resident cell membrane components leading to atherosclerosisCardiovascular System DiseaseUnder Development0.2KE:1496Increased, secretion of proinflammatory mediators
AOP:272Deposition of energy leading to lung cancerCancerWPHA/WNT Endorsed0.14KE:1636Increase, Chromosomal aberrations
AOP:280α-diketone-induced bronchiolitis obliteransMusculoskeletal System Disease; Respiratory System Disease-0.14KE:149Increase, Inflammation
AOP:293Increased DNA damage leading to increased risk of breast cancerGenetic Disease; Thoracic Disease; CancerUnder Development0.22KE:1494Leukocyte recruitment/activation
KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
AOP:294Increased reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) leading to increased risk of breast cancerGenetic Disease; Thoracic Disease; CancerUnder Development0.22KE:1494Leukocyte recruitment/activation
KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
AOP:303Frustrated phagocytosis-induced lung cancerCancerUnder Development0.14KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
AOP:320Binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 receptor leading to acute respiratory distress associated mortalityUnclassifiedUnder Development0.22KE:1750Increased inflammatory immune responses
KE:1496Increased, secretion of proinflammatory mediators
AOP:362Immune mediated hepatitisGastrointestinal System Disease; Immune System Disease-0.12KE:1633Increase in inflammation
AOP:379Binding to ACE2 leading to thrombosis and disseminated intravascular coagulationCardiovascular System DiseaseUnder Development0.14KE:1845Coagulation
AOP:382Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) agonism leading to lung fibrosisMusculoskeletal System Disease; Respiratory System DiseaseUnder Development0.33KE:1496Increased, secretion of proinflammatory mediators
KE:1172Increased activation, Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB)
AOP:409Frustrated phagocytosis leads to malignant mesotheliomaCancer-0.25KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
KE:1496Increased, secretion of proinflammatory mediators
AOP:432Deposition of Energy by Ionizing Radiation leading to Acute Myeloid LeukemiaHematopoietic System Disease; Cancer-0.09KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
AOP:440Hypothalamus estrogen receptors activity suppression leading to ovarian cancer via ovarian epithelial cell hyperplasiaBenign Neoplasm; Endocrine System Disease; Reproductive System Disease; Reproductive System Disease; Cancer; Endocrine System DiseaseUnder Development0.11KE:1973Increased, estrogens
AOP:443DNA damage and mutations leading to Metastatic Breast CancerThoracic Disease; CancerUnder Development0.2KE:1554Increase Chromosomal Aberrations
KE:1172Increased activation, Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB)
AOP:451Interaction with lung resident cell membrane components leads to lung cancerCancer-0.22KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
KE:1496Increased, secretion of proinflammatory mediators
AOP:452Adverse outcome pathway of PM-induced respiratory toxicityRespiratory System Disease-0.09KE:2009Activation of inflammation pathway
AOP:463The AOP framwork on silica nanopariticles induced hepatoxicityGastrointestinal System Disease-0.09KE:149Increase, Inflammation
AOP:465Alcohol dehydrogenase leading to reproductive dysfunctionUnclassified-0.12KE:748Increased, Estrogen receptor (ER) activity
AOP:468Binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 leads to hyperinflammation (via cell death)Unclassified-0.25KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
KE:1496Increased, secretion of proinflammatory mediators
AOP:470Deposition of energy leads to abnormal vascular remodelingCardiovascular System DiseaseUnder Review0.12KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
AOP:472DNA adduct formation leading to kidney failureUrinary System Disease-0.11KE:149Increase, Inflammation
AOP:478Deposition of energy leading to occurrence of cataractsNervous System Disease; Monogenic DiseaseUnder Review0.1KE:1636Increase, Chromosomal aberrations
AOP:483Deposition of Energy Leading to Learning and Memory ImpairmentDevelopmental Disorder Of Mental HealthUnder Review0.12KE:2097Increase, Pro-Inflammatory Mediators
AOP:505Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) formation leads to cancer via inflammation pathwayCancer-0.2KE:149Increase, Inflammation
AOP:507Nrf2 inhibition leading to vascular disrupting effects via inflammation pathwayCardiovascular System Disease-0.17KE:2009Activation of inflammation pathway
AOP:511The AOP framework on ROS-mediated oxidative stress induced vascular disrupting effectsCardiovascular System Disease-0.06KE:2009Activation of inflammation pathway
AOP:541Excessive ROS generation leading to increased incidence of vascular calcification by VSMC phenotype switchingCardiovascular System Disease-0.15KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
KE:2009Activation of inflammation pathway
AOP:544Inhibition of neuropathy target esterase leading to delayed neuropathy via increased inflammationNervous System Disease-0.17KE:149Increase, Inflammation

Associated AOPs with Level of Relevance 2
AOP Identifier AOP Title AO Classification OECD Status Coverage Score KE Identifier KE Name
AOP:296Oxidative DNA damage leading to chromosomal aberrations and mutationsGenetic Disease; Chromosomal DiseaseWPHA/WNT Endorsed0.2KE:1636Increase, Chromosomal aberrations
AOP:504SULT1E1 inhibition leading to uterine adenocarcinoma via increased estrogen availability at target organ levelUnclassified-0.33KE:1065Activation, estrogen receptor alpha
AOP:561Aromatase induction leading to estrogen receptor alpha activation via increased estradiolUnclassified-0.2KE:1065Activation, estrogen receptor alpha

Associated AOPs with Level of Relevance 3
AOP Identifier AOP Title AO Classification OECD Status Coverage Score KE Identifier KE Name
AOP:8Upregulation of Thyroid Hormone Catabolism via Activation of Hepatic Nuclear Receptors, and Subsequent Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in MammalsNervous System DiseaseUnder Development0.11KE:239Activation, Pregnane-X receptor, NR1l2
AOP:21Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to early life stage mortality, via increased COX-2UnclassifiedWPHA/WNT Endorsed0.2KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:41Sustained AhR Activation leading to Rodent Liver TumoursCancer; Gastrointestinal System DiseaseUnder Review0.2KE:165Activation, Long term AHR receptor driven direct and indirect gene expression changes
AOP:131Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to uroporphyriaInherited Metabolic DisorderWPHA/WNT Endorsed0.17KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:150Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to early life stage mortality, via reduced VEGFUnclassifiedWPHA/WNT Endorsed0.14KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:151AhR activation leading to preeclampsiaCardiovascular System DiseaseUnder Development0.14KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:310Embryonic Activation of the AHR leading to Reproductive failure, via epigenetic down-regulation of GnRHRUnclassified-0.08KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:392Decreased fibrinolysis and activated bradykinin system leading to hyperinflammationUnclassifiedUnder Development0.6KE:1866Fibrinolysis, decreased
KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
KE:1496Increased, secretion of proinflammatory mediators
AOP:414Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to lung fibrosis through TGF-β dependent fibrosis toxicity pathwayMusculoskeletal System Disease; Respiratory System Disease-0.2KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:415Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to lung fibrosis through IL-6 toxicity pathwayMusculoskeletal System Disease; Respiratory System Disease-0.4KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:1921Altered gene expression, NF-kB dependent Interleukin-6 pathway
AOP:416Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to lung cancer through IL-6 toxicity pathwayCancer-0.33KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:1921Altered gene expression, NF-kB dependent Interleukin-6 pathway
AOP:417Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to lung cancer through AHR-ARNT toxicity pathwayCancer-0.4KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:17Altered gene expression, AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT)-dependent pathway
AOP:418Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to impaired lung function through AHR-ARNT toxicity pathwayRespiratory System Disease-0.4KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:17Altered gene expression, AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT)-dependent pathway
AOP:419Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to impaired lung function through P53 toxicity pathwayRespiratory System Disease-0.25KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:420Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to lung cancer through sustained NRF2 toxicity pathwayCancer-0.5KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:1917Altered gene expression, NRF2 dependent antioxidant pathway
AOP:439Activation of the AhR leading to metastatic breast cancerThoracic Disease; CancerUnder Development0.22KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:149Increase, Inflammation
AOP:445Estrogen Receptor Alpha Agonism leads to Impaired ReproductionReproductive System Disease-0.12KE:1065Activation, estrogen receptor alpha
AOP:446PM-related Adverse outcome pathway frameworks on various systemsRespiratory System Disease-0.3KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:149Increase, Inflammation
KE:151Activation, Inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, cytoprotective gene pathways
KE:1496Increased, secretion of proinflammatory mediators
KE:165Activation, Long term AHR receptor driven direct and indirect gene expression changes
KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
AOP:447Kidney failure induced by inhibition of mitochondrial electron transfer chain through apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress pathwaysUrinary System Disease-0.17KE:1917Altered gene expression, NRF2 dependent antioxidant pathway
KE:1633Increase in inflammation
AOP:448ROS, inflammation, and activation of nAChR lead to increased incidence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortalityCardiovascular System Disease-0.06KE:151Activation, Inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, cytoprotective gene pathways
AOP:455Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to early life stage mortality via sox9 repression induced impeded craniofacial developmentMusculoskeletal System DiseaseUnder Review0.17KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:456Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to early life stage mortality via sox9 repression induced cardiovascular toxicityUnclassifiedUnder Review0.17KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:458AhR activation in the liver leading to Subsequent Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in MammalsCognitive Disorder-0.12KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:459AhR activation in the thyroid leading to Subsequent Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in MammalsCognitive Disorder-0.11KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:493ERa inactivation alters AT expansion and functions and leads to insulin resistance and metabolically unhealthy obesityAcquired Metabolic Disease-0.3KE:2126Estrogen receptor alpha inactivation
KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
KE:1633Increase in inflammation
AOP:494AhR activation leading to liver fibrosisGastrointestinal System Disease-0.17KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:497ERa inactivation alters mitochondrial functions and insulin signalling in skeletal muscle and leads to insulin resistance and metabolic syndromeInherited Metabolic Disorder; Disease Of Metabolism-0.12KE:2126Estrogen receptor alpha inactivation
AOP:503Activation of uterine estrogen receptor-alfa leading to endometrial adenocarcinoma, via epigenetic modulationReproductive System Disease; CancerUnder Review0.17KE:1065Activation, estrogen receptor alpha
AOP:517Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) activation leads to liver steatosisGastrointestinal System Disease; Inherited Metabolic Disorder-0.2KE:239Activation, Pregnane-X receptor, NR1l2
AOP:536Estrogen receptor agonism leading to reduced survival and population growth due to renal failureUnclassified-0.17KE:111Agonism, Estrogen receptor
AOP:537Estrogen receptor agonism leads to reduced fecundity via increased vitellogenin in the liverUnclassified-0.2KE:111Agonism, Estrogen receptor
AOP:545Activation, Pregnane-X receptor, NR1l2 leads to increased plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol via increased cholesterol synthesisUnclassified-0.2KE:239Activation, Pregnane-X receptor, NR1l2
AOP:548Activation, Pregnane-X receptor, NR1l2 leads to increased plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol via increased PCSK9 protein expressionUnclassified-0.2KE:239Activation, Pregnane-X receptor, NR1l2
AOP:563Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) activation causes Premature Ovarian Insufficiency via Bax mediated apoptosisReproductive System Disease; Endocrine System Disease-0.17KE:18Activation, AhR

No associated AOPs with Level of Relevance 5
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TICToK is a database of tattoo ink chemicals compiled from different regulatory resources. The authors are not liable for any inaccuracies or omissions of any chemicals in this resource. Importantly, our sole goal to build this resource on tattoo ink chemicals is to enable future basic research on this topic, and it does not necessarily reflect the views or objectives of our employers or funders.