Propyl thiouracil


Associated AOPs with Level of Relevance - 1 AOPs with at least 1 KE associated with chemical, where the KE(s) are neither MIE nor AO

AOP Identifier AOP Title AO Classification OECD Status Taxonomic applicability Coverage Score The fraction of KEs within the AOP, that are mapped to the chemical-associated toxicological endpoints. KE Identifier KE Name
AOP:7Aromatase (Cyp19a1) reduction leading to impaired fertility in adult femaleReproductive system disease; Endocrine system disease; Reproductive system diseaseUnder ReviewRat, Mouse, Human0.2KE:219Reduction, Plasma 17beta-estradiol concentrations
AOP:10Binding to the picrotoxin site of ionotropic GABA receptors leading to epileptic seizures in adult brainNervous system diseaseWPHA/WNT EndorsedHuman, Mouse, Rat, Bobwhite quail, Zebrafish0.17KE:669Reduction, Neuronal synaptic inhibition
AOP:37PPARα activation leading to hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas in rodentsCancer; Gastrointestinal system diseaseUnder DevelopmentMouse, Rat0.2KE:716Increase, cell proliferation (hepatocytes)
AOP:38Protein Alkylation leading to Liver FibrosisGastrointestinal system diseaseWPHA/WNT EndorsedHuman, Rat0.14KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
AOP:39Covalent Binding, Protein, leading to Increase, Allergic Respiratory Hypersensitivity ResponseRespiratory system diseaseUnder DevelopmentHuman, Mouse0.2KE:272Activation/Proliferation, T-cells
AOP:58NR1I3 (CAR) suppression leading to hepatic steatosisGastrointestinal system disease; Inherited metabolic disorder-Human, Mouse, Rat0.06KE:454Increased, Triglyceride formation
AOP:60NR1I2 (Pregnane X Receptor, PXR) activation leading to hepatic steatosisGastrointestinal system disease; Inherited metabolic disorder-0.08KE:454Increased, Triglyceride formation
AOP:64Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) Mediated Adult Leydig Cell Dysfunction Leading to Decreased Male FertilityReproductive system disease-Rattus norvegicus0.14KE:496Increased apoptosis, decreased fetal/adult Leydig Cells
AOP:77Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation contributes to abnormal foraging and leads to colony death/failure 1Unclassified-Honey bee0.14KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:78Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation contributes to abnormal role change within the worker bee caste leading to colony death failure 1Unclassified-Honey bee0.12KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:87Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation contributes to abnormal foraging and leads to colony loss/failureUnclassified-Honey bee0.12KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:88Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation contributes to abnormal foraging and leads to colony loss/failure via abnormal role change within casteUnclassified-Honey bee0.14KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:89Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation followed by desensitization contributes to abnormal foraging and directly leads to colony loss/failureUnclassified-Honey bee0.12KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:90Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation contributes to abnormal roll change within the worker bee caste leading to colony loss/failure 2Unclassified-Honey bee0.12KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:94Sodium channel inhibition leading to congenital malformationsUnclassified-Human, Rat, Mouse0.17KE:590N/A, hypoxia
AOP:99Histamine (H2) receptor antagonism leading to reduced survivalUnclassified-Zebrafish0.14KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:105Alpha2u-microglobulin cytotoxicity leading to renal tubular adenomas and carcinomas (in male rat)Cancer; Urinary system disease-Rattus norvegicus0.33KE:767Increase, Hyperplasia (renal tubular cells)
KE:710Increase, Regenerative cell proliferation (tubular epithelial cells)
AOP:107Constitutive androstane receptor activation leading to hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas in the mouse and the ratCancer; Gastrointestinal system diseaseUnder ReviewRattus norvegicus, Mus musculus0.2KE:716Increase, cell proliferation (hepatocytes)
AOP:109Cytotoxicity leading to bronchioloalveolar adenomas and carcinomas (in mouse)Cancer; Respiratory system disease-Mus musculus0.2KE:734Increase, Regenerative cell proliferation (terminal bronchiolar epithelial cells)
AOP:110Inhibition of iodide pump activity leading to follicular cell adenomas and carcinomas (in rat and mouse)Cancer; Endocrine system disease-Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus0.57KE:1023Increased, Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
KE:739Increase, Hypertrophy and proliferation (follicular cell)
AOP:114HPPD inhibition leading to corneal papillomas and carcinomas (in rat)Cancer-Rattus norvegicus0.33KE:778Increase, Regenerative cell proliferation (corneal cells)
KE:777Increase, Inflammation (corneal cells)
AOP:115Epithelial cytotoxicity leading to forestomach tumors (in mouse and rat)Cancer-Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus0.4KE:149Increase, Inflammation
KE:781Increase, Regenerative cell proliferation (forestomach epithelial cells)
AOP:116Cytotoxicity leading to renal tubular adenomas and carcinomas (in male rat)Cancer; Urinary system disease-Rattus norvegicus0.25KE:710Increase, Regenerative cell proliferation (tubular epithelial cells)
AOP:117Androgen receptor activation leading to hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas (in mouse and rat)Cancer; Gastrointestinal system diseaseUnder DevelopmentMus musculus, Rattus norvegicus0.25KE:716Increase, cell proliferation (hepatocytes)
AOP:124HMG-CoA reductase inhibition leading to decreased fertilityReproductive system disease-Rattus rattus0.17KE:807Decreased, cholesterol
AOP:136Intracellular Acidification Induced Olfactory Epithelial Injury Leading to Site of Contact Nasal TumorsBenign neoplasm; Respiratory system diseaseUnder Review0.14KE:870Increase, Cell Proliferation
AOP:144Endocytic lysosomal uptake leading to liver fibrosisGastrointestinal system diseaseUnder ReviewHuman, Mouse, Rat0.11KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
AOP:164Beta-2 adrenergic agonist activity leading to mesovarian leiomyomas in the rat and mouseCancer; Reproductive system disease-CD-1 mouse, SD rat0.17KE:1042Proliferation/Clonal Expansion, smooth muscle
AOP:173Substance interaction with the pulmonary resident cell membrane components leading to pulmonary fibrosisMusculoskeletal system disease; Respiratory system diseaseWPHA/WNT EndorsedHuman, Mouse, Rat0.12KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
AOP:206Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ inactivation leading to lung fibrosisMusculoskeletal system disease; Respiratory system diseaseUnder DevelopmentHomo sapiens0.17KE:149Increase, Inflammation
AOP:207NADPH oxidase and P38 MAPK activation leading to reproductive failure in Caenorhabditis elegansReproductive system disease-Caenorhabditis elegans0.12KE:1262Apoptosis
AOP:212Histone deacetylase inhibition leading to testicular atrophyReproductive system diseaseWPHA/WNT EndorsedRat, Human, Mouse0.17KE:1262Apoptosis
AOP:227NSAID induced PTGS1 inactivation to gastric ulcerGastrointestinal system disease-0.14KE:1403Reduced, platelet aggregation
AOP:228NSAID induced PTGS2 inactivation to gastric ulcerGastrointestinal system disease-0.2KE:1411Increased, leukocyte activation
AOP:258Renal protein alkylation leading to kidney toxicityUrinary system diseaseUnder DevelopmentHuman, Rat, Mouse0.2KE:40Decrease, Mitochondrial ATP production
AOP:280α-diketone-induced bronchiolitis obliteransMusculoskeletal system disease; Respiratory system disease-0.14KE:149Increase, Inflammation
AOP:281Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Leading to NeurodegenerationNervous system disease-0.1KE:1350Increased, glutamate
AOP:293Increased DNA damage leading to increased risk of breast cancerGenetic disease; Thoracic disease; CancerUnder DevelopmentRattus rattus, Mus musculus0.22KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
KE:1182Increase, Cell Proliferation (Epithelial Cells)
AOP:294Increased reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) leading to increased risk of breast cancerGenetic disease; Thoracic disease; CancerUnder Development0.22KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
KE:1182Increase, Cell Proliferation (Epithelial Cells)
AOP:321Reduced environmental pH leading to thinner shells in Mytilus edulisUnclassified-0.18KE:10039Higher antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation
KE:10042Abnormal development
AOP:327Excessive reactive oxygen species production leading to mortality (1)Unclassified-Daphnia magna0.2KE:1769Increase, Body fluid overload
AOP:329Excessive reactive oxygen species production leading to mortality (3)Unclassified-Daphnia magna, Paracyclopina nana0.2KE:1772Decrease, Triglyceride
AOP:335AOP for urothelial carcinogenesis due to chemical cytotoxicity by mitochondrial impairmentCancer; Urinary system disease-Rat0.2KE:795Increase, Regenerative cell proliferation (urothelial cells)
AOP:409Frustrated phagocytosis leads to malignant mesotheliomaCancer-0.25KE:870Increase, Cell Proliferation
KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
AOP:432Deposition of Energy by Ionizing Radiation leading to Acute Myeloid LeukemiaHematopoietic system disease; Cancer-Homo sapiens, Mus musculus0.18KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
KE:870Increase, Cell Proliferation
AOP:441Ionizing radiation-induced DNA damage leads to microcephaly via apoptosis and premature cell differentiationCongenital nervous system abnormality; Nervous system disease-Homo sapiens, Mus musculus musculus, Rattus norvegicus0.14KE:1262Apoptosis
AOP:443DNA damage and mutations leading to Metastatic Breast CancerThoracic disease; CancerUnder DevelopmentHuman and other cells in culture, Human, Mice, Rat, Canine heartworm nematode, Yeast0.1KE:112Antagonism, Estrogen receptor
AOP:446PM-related Adverse outcome pathway frameworks on various systemsRespiratory system disease-0.3KE:165Activation, Long term AHR receptor driven direct and indirect gene expression changes
KE:1250Decrease, Lung function
KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:149Increase, Inflammation
KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
KE:1262Apoptosis
AOP:452Adverse outcome pathway of PM-induced respiratory toxicityRespiratory system disease-0.18KE:2013Airway remodeling
KE:1262Apoptosis
AOP:453Reactive oxygen species and subsequent oxidative stress lead to increased incidence of digestive morbidity and mortality in the general populationGastrointestinal system disease-0.08KE:1931Intestinal barrier, disruption
AOP:457Succinate dehydrogenase inhibition leading to increased insulin resistance through reduction in circulating thyroxineInherited metabolic disorder-Human0.33KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
AOP:460Antagonism of Smoothened receptor leading to orofacial cleftingUnclassifiedUnder DevelopmentMouse0.22KE:1821Decrease, Cell proliferation
KE:1262Apoptosis
AOP:465Alcohol dehydrogenase leading to reproductive dysfunctionUnclassified-0.25KE:748Increased, Estrogen receptor (ER) activity
KE:2050Increase, developmental abnormalities
AOP:467Knickkopf leading to mortalityUnclassified-0.11KE:2050Increase, developmental abnormalities
AOP:469Reactive oxygen speicies overproduction leading to increased digestive morbidity and mortality in generation populationGastrointestinal system disease-0.08KE:1931Intestinal barrier, disruption
AOP:470Deposition of energy leads to abnormal vascular remodelingCardiovascular system diseaseUnder ReviewHuman, Rat, Mouse, Rabbit0.12KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
AOP:478Deposition of energy leading to occurrence of cataractsNervous system disease; Monogenic diseaseUnder ReviewHuman, Mouse, Rat, Rhesus monkeys, Rabbit, Guinea pig0.1KE:870Increase, Cell Proliferation
AOP:480Mitochondrial complexes inhibition leading to heart failure via decreased ATP productionCardiovascular system disease; Thoracic diseaseUnder Development0.2KE:40Decrease, Mitochondrial ATP production
AOP:491Decrease, GLI1/2 target gene expression leads to orofacial cleftingUnclassifiedUnder DevelopmentMouse0.33KE:1821Decrease, Cell proliferation
KE:1262Apoptosis
AOP:495Androgen receptor activation leading to prostate cancerReproductive system disease; Cancer-0.22KE:854Alterations, Cellular proliferation / hyperplasia
KE:1183Decreased, Apoptosis (Epithelial Cells)
AOP:496Androgen receptor agonism leading to reproduction dysfunction (in zebrafish)Unclassified-Zebrafish0.3KE:221Reduction, Plasma vitellogenin concentrations
KE:219Reduction, Plasma 17beta-estradiol concentrations
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning
AOP:524Gluten-driven immune activation leading to celiac disease in genetically predisposed individualsImmune system disease; Gastrointestinal system disease-Human0.11KE:1931Intestinal barrier, disruption
AOP:532Retinoic acid receptor agonism during cerebellar development leading to impaired locomotor functionUnclassified-0.2KE:2229Cerebellar neuronal differentiation. Decreased
AOP:541Excessive ROS generation leading to increased incidence of vascular calcification by VSMC phenotype switchingCardiovascular system disease-0.08KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
AOP:544Inhibition of neuropathy target esterase leading to delayed neuropathy via increased inflammationNervous system disease-Homo sapiens, Mus musculus0.17KE:149Increase, Inflammation
AOP:550Increased LMNA gene mutation leading to heart failureCardiovascular system disease-Human, Mouse, Rat0.2KE:2066Altered Signaling Pathways

Associated AOPs with Level of Relevance - 2 AOPs with at least 1 AO associated with chemical, and no associated MIE

AOP Identifier AOP Title AO Classification OECD Status Taxonomic applicability Coverage Score The fraction of KEs within the AOP, that are mapped to the chemical-associated toxicological endpoints. KE Identifier KE Name
AOP:6Antagonist binding to PPARα leading to body-weight lossSymptomWPHA/WNT EndorsedMus musculus, Homo sapiens, Pimephales promelas, Colinus virginianus, Rattus norvegicus0.12KE:864Decreased, Body Weight
AOP:12Chronic binding of antagonist to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) during brain development leads to neurodegeneration with impairment in learning and memory in agingNervous system disease; Developmental disorder of mental healthWPHA/WNT EndorsedMonkey, Rat, Human, Mouse, Zebrafish0.12KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:13Chronic binding of antagonist to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) during brain development induces impairment of learning and memory abilitiesDevelopmental disorder of mental healthWPHA/WNT EndorsedHuman, Mouse, Monkey sp., Rat0.1KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:16Acetylcholinesterase inhibition leading to acute mortalityUnclassifiedUnder Development0.29KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:351Increased Mortality
AOP:17Binding of electrophilic chemicals to SH(thiol)-group of proteins and /or to seleno-proteins involved in protection against oxidative stress during brain development leads to impairment of learning and memoryDevelopmental disorder of mental healthWPHA/WNT EndorsedRat, Mouse, Human0.2KE:1493Increased Pro-inflammatory mediators
KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:23Androgen receptor agonism leading to reproductive dysfunction (in repeat-spawning fish)UnclassifiedWPHA/WNT EndorsedPimephales promelas0.4KE:221Reduction, Plasma vitellogenin concentrations
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:219Reduction, Plasma 17beta-estradiol concentrations
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning
AOP:25Aromatase inhibition leading to reproductive dysfunctionUnclassifiedWPHA/WNT EndorsedFathead minnow, Medaka, Zebrafish0.5KE:221Reduction, Plasma vitellogenin concentrations
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:219Reduction, Plasma 17beta-estradiol concentrations
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning
AOP:27Cholestatic Liver Injury induced by Inhibition of the Bile Salt Export Pump (ABCB11)Gastrointestinal system diseaseUnder DevelopmentHumans0.25KE:357Cholestasis, Pathology
KE:149Increase, Inflammation
AOP:40Covalent Protein binding leading to Skin SensitisationIntegumentary system diseaseWPHA/WNT EndorsedMouse, Human0.4KE:827sensitisation, skin
KE:272Activation/Proliferation, T-cells
AOP:48Binding of agonists to ionotropic glutamate receptors in adult brain causes excitotoxicity that mediates neuronal cell death, contributing to learning and memory impairment.Developmental disorder of mental healthWPHA/WNT EndorsedHuman, Mouse, Rat0.11KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:54Inhibition of Na+/I- symporter (NIS) leads to learning and memory impairmentDevelopmental disorder of mental healthWPHA/WNT EndorsedHomo sapiens, Rattus sp.0.4KE:280Thyroxine (T4) in neuronal tissue, Decreased
KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:63Cyclooxygenase inhibition leading to reproductive dysfunctionReproductive system disease-Goldfish, Human, Mouse, Rat0.2KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:96Axonal sodium channel modulation leading to acute mortalityUnclassified-Insects, Fish0.33KE:600Overactivation, Neuronotransmitter release
KE:351Increased Mortality
AOP:975-hydroxytryptamine transporter (5-HTT; SERT) inhibition leading to population declineUnclassified-Mytilus galloprovincialis, Tritonea diomedea, Lymnaea stagnalis, Melibe leonine, Helix lucorum, Lampsilis fasciola0.1KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:100Cyclooxygenase inhibition leading to reproductive dysfunction via inhibition of female spawning behaviorReproductive system disease-Goldfish0.14KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:101Cyclooxygenase inhibition leading to reproductive dysfunction via inhibition of pheromone releaseReproductive system disease-Goldfish0.14KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:102Cyclooxygenase inhibition leading to reproductive dysfunction via interference with meiotic prophase I /metaphase I transitionReproductive system disease-Goldfish, Human, Rat, Mouse0.1KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:103Cyclooxygenase inhibition leading to reproductive dysfunction via interference with spindle assembly checkpointReproductive system disease-Goldfish, Human, Rat, Mouse0.1KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:104Altered ion channel activity leading impaired heart functionUnclassified-0.25KE:351Increased Mortality
AOP:113Glutamate-gated chloride channel activation leading to acute mortalityUnclassified-Bombus impatiens, Chaetanaphothrips orchidii, Radopholus similis, Daphnia magna, Orius insidiosus, Hymenoptera, Helicoverpa zea, Lepidoptera, Liriomyza trifolii, Orius isidiosus, Acyrthosiphon kondoi0.17KE:351Increased Mortality
AOP:122Prolyl hydroxylase inhibition leading to reproductive dysfunction via increased HIF1 heterodimer formationUnclassified-Pimephales promelas0.4KE:221Reduction, Plasma vitellogenin concentrations
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:219Reduction, Plasma 17beta-estradiol concentrations
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning
AOP:123Unknown MIE leading to reproductive dysfunction via increased HIF-1alpha transcriptionUnclassified-Pimephales promelas0.36KE:221Reduction, Plasma vitellogenin concentrations
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:219Reduction, Plasma 17beta-estradiol concentrations
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning
AOP:134Sodium Iodide Symporter (NIS) Inhibition and Subsequent Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in MammalsCognitive disorder-Rat, Homo sapiens0.78KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
KE:402Cognitive function, decreased
KE:280Thyroxine (T4) in neuronal tissue, Decreased
KE:757Hippocampal anatomy, Altered
KE:758Hippocampal Physiology, Altered
KE:756Hippocampal gene expression, Altered
AOP:139Alkylation of DNA leading to cancer 1Cancer-Homo sapiens, Mus musculus0.25KE:885Increase, Cancer
AOP:148EGFR Activation Leading to Decreased Lung FunctionRespiratory system diseaseUnder DevelopmentHuman, Mouse, Rat0.25KE:1250Decrease, Lung function
AOP:155Deiodinase 2 inhibition leading to increased mortality via reduced posterior swim bladder inflationUnclassifiedWPHA/WNT EndorsedFathead minnow, Zebrafish0.67KE:1005Reduced, Swimming performance
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:1003Decreased, Triiodothyronine (T3)
KE:351Increased Mortality
AOP:156Deiodinase 2 inhibition leading to increased mortality via reduced anterior swim bladder inflationUnclassifiedWPHA/WNT EndorsedZebrafish, Fathead minnow0.83KE:351Increased Mortality
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:1003Decreased, Triiodothyronine (T3)
KE:1007Reduced, Anterior swim bladder inflation
KE:1005Reduced, Swimming performance
AOP:160Ionotropic gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor activation mediated neurotransmission inhibition leading to mortalityUnclassified-Daphnia magna0.29KE:1015Increased, Neuronal synaptic inhibition
KE:351Increased Mortality
AOP:161Glutamate-gated chloride channel activation leading to neurotransmission inhibition associated mortalityUnclassified-Nematode, Daphnia magna0.29KE:1015Increased, Neuronal synaptic inhibition
KE:351Increased Mortality
AOP:176Sodium Iodide Symporter (NIS) Inhibition leading to altered amphibian metamorphosisUnclassified-African clawed frog0.6KE:1101Altered, Amphibian metamorphosis
KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
AOP:190Type II iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO2) inhibition leading to altered amphibian metamorphosisUnclassified-African clawed frog0.83KE:1116Decreased, Triiodothyronine (T3) in tissues
KE:1023Increased, Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
KE:1101Altered, Amphibian metamorphosis
KE:1829Altered, Thyroid hormone-dependent gene expression
KE:1828Increased, Thyroxine (T4) in serum
AOP:191Type III iodotyrosine deiodinase (DIO3) inhibition leading to altered amphibian metamorphosisUnclassified-African clawed frog0.5KE:1101Altered, Amphibian metamorphosis
KE:1829Altered, Thyroid hormone-dependent gene expression
AOP:192Pendrin inhibition leading to altered amphibian metamorphosisUnclassified-African clawed frog0.75KE:1101Altered, Amphibian metamorphosis
KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
AOP:193Dual oxidase (DUOX) inhibition leading to altered amphibian metamorphosisUnclassified-African clawed frog0.75KE:1101Altered, Amphibian metamorphosis
KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
AOP:194Hepatic nuclear receptor activation leading to altered amphibian metamorphosisUnclassified-African clawed frog0.33KE:1101Altered, Amphibian metamorphosis
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
AOP:196Volatile Organic Chemicals Activate TRPA1 Receptor to Induce Sensory Pulmonary IrritationRespiratory system disease-0.11KE:1226Increased Respiratory irritability and Chronic Cough,
AOP:2035-hydroxytryptamine transporter inhibition leading to decreased reproductive success and population declineReproductive system disease-0.12KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:205AOP from chemical insult to cell deathUnclassified-Vertebrates0.33KE:1263Necrosis
KE:1262Apoptosis
AOP:216Deposition of energy leading to population decline via DNA strand breaks and follicular atresiaUnclassified-Daphnia magna0.33KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning
AOP:218Inhibition of CYP7B activity leads to decreased reproductive success via decreased locomotor activityUnclassified-Japanese quail, Cynops pyrrhogaster0.17KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:219Inhibition of CYP7B activity leads to decreased reproductive success via decreased sexual behaviorUnclassified-Japanese quail, Cynops pyrrhogaster0.17KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:220Cyp2E1 Activation Leading to Liver CancerCancer; Gastrointestinal system diseaseWPHA/WNT EndorsedRodents, Homo sapiens0.6KE:1395Liver Cancer
KE:1393Hepatocytotoxicity
KE:1394Induction, persistent proliferation/sustained proliferation
AOP:237Substance interaction with lung resident cell membrane components leading to atherosclerosisCardiovascular system diseaseUnder DevelopmentHuman, Mouse0.2KE:1443Atherosclerosis
AOP:238Deposition of energy leading to population decline via DNA strand breaks and oocyte apoptosisUnclassified-Mice, Daphnia magna0.33KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning
AOP:242Inhibition of lysyl oxidase leading to enhanced chronic fish toxicityUnclassified-Fish0.25KE:1467Growth, reduction
KE:1005Reduced, Swimming performance
AOP:245Reduction in photophosphorylation leading to growth inhibition in aquatic plantsUnclassified-Lemna minor, Lemna gibba0.18KE:1521Decrease, Growth
KE:40Decrease, Mitochondrial ATP production
AOP:263Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation leading to growth inhibition via decreased cell proliferationUnclassifiedWPHA/WNT EndorsedZebrafish, Mouse, Rat, Lemna minor, Human, Caenorhabditis elegans0.5KE:1821Decrease, Cell proliferation
KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:264Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation leading to growth inhibition via ATP depletion associated cell deathUnclassifiedUnder Development0.25KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:265Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation leading to growth inhibition via increased cytosolic calciumUnclassifiedUnder Development0.25KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:266Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation leading to growth inhibition via decreased Na-K ATPase activityUnclassifiedUnder Development0.17KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:267Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation leading to growth inhibition via glucose depletionUnclassifiedUnder Development0.4KE:1821Decrease, Cell proliferation
KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:268Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation leading to growth inhibition via mitochondrial swellingUnclassifiedUnder Development0.25KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:269Elevated ATP demand for detoxification and repair mechanisms leading to impaired growth and developmentUnclassified-0.17KE:10013Impaired growth and development
AOP:272Deposition of energy leading to lung cancerCancerWPHA/WNT EndorsedHuman, Rat, Mouse0.29KE:870Increase, Cell Proliferation
KE:1556Increase, lung cancer
AOP:278IKK complex inhibition leading to liver injuryUnclassified-0.12KE:1549Liver Injury
AOP:279Microtubule interacting drugs lead to peripheral neuropathyNervous system disease-0.25KE:1583Sensory axonal peripheral neuropathy
AOP:286Mitochondrial complex III antagonism leading to growth inhibition (1)Unclassified-Lemna minor, Daphnia magna, Danio rerio0.5KE:1821Decrease, Cell proliferation
KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:287Mitochondrial complex III antagonism leading to growth inhibition (2)Unclassified-Lemna minor, Daphnia magna, Danio rerio0.25KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:289Inhibition of 5α-reductase leading to impaired fecundity in female fishUnclassifiedUnder DevelopmentFish0.67KE:221Reduction, Plasma vitellogenin concentrations
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:219Reduction, Plasma 17beta-estradiol concentrations
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning
AOP:290Mitochondrial ATP synthase antagonism leading to growth inhibition (1)Unclassified-Daphnia magna0.5KE:1821Decrease, Cell proliferation
KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:291Mitochondrial ATP synthase antagonism leading to growth inhibition (2)Unclassified-Daphnia magna0.25KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:292Inhibition of tyrosinase leads to decreased population in fishUnclassifiedUnder DevelopmentFish0.17KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:297Inhibition of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase leads to population declineUnclassifiedUnder DevelopmentFish0.33KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:1643Altered, Visual function
AOP:299Deposition of energy leading to population decline via DNA oxidation and follicular atresiaUnclassified-0.29KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning
AOP:300Thyroid Receptor Antagonism and Subsequent Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in MammalsCognitive disorderUnder DevelopmentHuman, Mouse0.8KE:757Hippocampal anatomy, Altered
KE:758Hippocampal Physiology, Altered
KE:402Cognitive function, decreased
KE:756Hippocampal gene expression, Altered
AOP:302Lung surfactant function inhibition leading to decreased lung functionRespiratory system diseaseUnder DevelopmentHuman, Mouse, Rat0.2KE:1250Decrease, Lung function
AOP:303Frustrated phagocytosis-induced lung cancerCancerUnder DevelopmentMammals0.43KE:870Increase, Cell Proliferation
KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
KE:1670Lung cancer
AOP:311Deposition of energy leading to population decline via DNA oxidation and oocyte apoptosisUnclassified-Daphnia magna, Fish0.29KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning
AOP:312Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition leading to Acute Mortality via Impaired Coordination & Movement​Unclassified-0.33KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:351Increased Mortality
AOP:320Binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 receptor leading to acute respiratory distress associated mortalityUnclassifiedUnder DevelopmentHomo sapiens0.11KE:351Increased Mortality
AOP:323PPARalpha Agonism Leading to Decreased Viable Offspring via Decreased 11-KetotestosteroneUnclassified-Teleost fish0.33KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:807Decreased, cholesterol
AOP:324Excessive reactive oxygen species leading to growth inhibition via oxidative DNA damage and cell deathUnclassified-Fish0.25KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:325Excessive reactive oxygen species leading to growth inhibition via lipid peroxidation and cell deathUnclassified-Fish0.25KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:326Excessive reactive oxygen species leading to growth inhibition via protein oxidation and cell deathUnclassified-Fish0.25KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:331Excessive reactive oxygen species leading to growth inhibition via oxidative DNA damage and reduced cell proliferationUnclassified-Daphnia magna, Daphnia middendorffiana, Daphnia pulex, Daphnia pulicaria, Daphnia parvula0.33KE:1821Decrease, Cell proliferation
KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:332Excessive reactive oxygen species leading to growth inhibition via lipid peroxidation and reduced cell proliferationUnclassified-0.4KE:1821Decrease, Cell proliferation
KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:333Excessive reactive oxygen species leading to growth inhibition via uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylationUnclassified-0.4KE:1821Decrease, Cell proliferation
KE:1521Decrease, Growth
AOP:334Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonism Leading to Impaired Fin RegenerationUnclassified-Teleost fish0.33KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:1005Reduced, Swimming performance
AOP:336DNA methyltransferase inhibition leading to population decline (1)Unclassified-Daphnia magna0.14KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:337DNA methyltransferase inhibition leading to population decline (2)Unclassified-Daphnia magna0.12KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:338DNA methyltransferase inhibition leading to population decline (3)Unclassified-0.14KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:339DNA methyltransferase inhibition leading to population decline (4)Unclassified-0.12KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:340DNA methyltransferase inhibition leading to transgenerational effects (1)Physical disorder-0.12KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:341DNA methyltransferase inhibition leading to transgenerational effects (2)Physical disorder-Daphnia magna0.11KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:346Aromatase inhibition leads to male-biased sex ratio via impacts on gonad differentiationUnclassifiedWPHA/WNT EndorsedZebrafish, Oreochromis niloticus, Chinook salmon, Fathead minnow, European sea bass0.4KE:1790Increased, Differentiation to Testis
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:348Inhibition of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase leading to decreased population trajectoryUnclassifiedUnder DevelopmentFish0.2KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:349Inhibition of 11β-hydroxylase leading to decresed population trajectoryUnclassifiedUnder DevelopmentFish0.12KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:362Immune mediated hepatitisGastrointestinal system disease; Immune system disease-Homo sapiens, Rat0.12KE:1820Immune mediated hepatitis
AOP:366Competitive binding to thyroid hormone carrier protein transthyretin (TTR) leading to altered amphibian metamorphosisUnclassified-0.43KE:1101Altered, Amphibian metamorphosis
KE:959Increased, Free serum thyroxine (T4)
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
AOP:367Competitive binding to thyroid hormone carrier protein thyroid binding globulin (TBG) leading to altered amphibian metamorphosisUnclassified-0.43KE:1101Altered, Amphibian metamorphosis
KE:959Increased, Free serum thyroxine (T4)
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
AOP:376Androgen receptor agonism leading to male-biased sex ratioUnclassifiedWPHA/WNT EndorsedZebrafish, Medaka, Fathead minnow, Channel catfish, Oreochromis niloticus, Chinook salmon0.5KE:1790Increased, Differentiation to Testis
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:379Binding to ACE2 leading to thrombosis and disseminated intravascular coagulationCardiovascular system diseaseUnder DevelopmentHomo sapiens0.43KE:1846Thrombosis and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
KE:1845Coagulation
KE:1869Diminished protective oxidative stress response
AOP:386Deposition of ionizing energy leading to population decline via inhibition of photosynthesisReproductive system disease-Lemna minor, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii0.12KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:387Deposition of ionising energy leading to population decline via mitochondrial dysfunctionReproductive system disease-Lemna minor0.25KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:40Decrease, Mitochondrial ATP production
AOP:388Deposition of ionising energy leading to population decline via programmed cell deathReproductive system disease-Lemna minor0.2KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:389Oxygen-evolving complex damage leading to population decline via inhibition of photosynthesisReproductive system disease-Lemna minor0.14KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:392Decreased fibrinolysis and activated bradykinin system leading to hyperinflammationUnclassifiedUnder DevelopmentHumans0.4KE:1868Hyperinflammation
KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
AOP:399Inhibition of Fyna leading to increased mortality via decreased eye size (Microphthalmos)Unclassified-Zebrafish0.5KE:1821Decrease, Cell proliferation
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:1643Altered, Visual function
KE:351Increased Mortality
AOP:405Organo-Phosphate Chemicals induced inhibition of AChE leading to impaired cognitive functionCognitive disorder-Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, Homo sapiens0.2KE:402Cognitive function, decreased
AOP:406SARS-CoV-2 infection leading to hyperinflammationUnclassified-0.33KE:1869Diminished protective oxidative stress response
KE:1868Hyperinflammation
AOP:410GSK3beta inactivation leading to increased mortality via defects in developing inner earUnclassified-Zebrafish0.3KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:1008Reduced, Hearing
KE:351Increased Mortality
AOP:411Oxidative stress Leading to Decreased Lung FunctionRespiratory system disease-Homo sapiens0.25KE:1250Decrease, Lung function
AOP:413Oxidation and antagonism of reduced glutathione leading to mortality via acute renal failureUnclassified-Fish, Mice0.5KE:1607Increase, Necrosis
KE:759Increased, Kidney Failure
KE:351Increased Mortality
AOP:422Binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 in enterocytes leads to intestinal barrier disruptionGastrointestinal system diseaseUnder Development0.2KE:1931Intestinal barrier, disruption
AOP:424Oxidative stress Leading to Decreased Lung Function via CFTR dysfunctionRespiratory system disease-Human0.17KE:1250Decrease, Lung function
AOP:425Oxidative Stress Leading to Decreased Lung Function via Decreased FOXJ1Respiratory system disease-Human0.17KE:1250Decrease, Lung function
AOP:430Binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 leads to viral infection proliferationViral infectious diseaseUnder DevelopmentMink, Ferret, Cat, Dog, Syrian golden hamster, Rhesus macaque, Lowland gorilla, Crab eating macaque, African green monkeys, Humans, Hippopotamus amphibius, Bank vole, Lynx canadensis, Puma concolor, Panthera tigris jacksoni, Panthera uncia, Prionailurus viverrinus, Crocuta crocuta, Arctictis binturong, Odocoileus virginianus, American mink, Nasua nasua, Panthera leo, Sus scrofa, European rabbit, Castor fiber, Aonyx cinereus, Vulpes vulpes, Nyctereutes procyonoides, Tupaia belangeri, Bos taurus, Odocoileus hemionus, Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii, Cynopterus brachyotis, Common marmoset, Baboon0.2KE:1939Viral infection and host-to-host transmission, proliferated
AOP:431Increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF) leading to increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)Inherited metabolic disorder-Human0.2KE:1953Gestational diabetes mellitus
AOP:438reactive oxygen species generation leading to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortalityCardiovascular system disease-0.08KE:1929Increased incidence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the general population
AOP:442Binding to voltage gate sodium channels during development leads to cognitive impairmentCognitive disorderUnder ReviewRattus norvegicus, Mouse, Humans0.43KE:757Hippocampal anatomy, Altered
KE:758Hippocampal Physiology, Altered
KE:402Cognitive function, decreased
AOP:444Ionizing radiation leads to reduced reproduction in Eisenia fetida via reduced spermatogenesis and cocoon hatchabilityUnclassified-0.11KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
AOP:447Kidney failure induced by inhibition of mitochondrial electron transfer chain through apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress pathwaysUrinary system disease-0.17KE:1097Occurrence, renal proximal tubular necrosis
KE:759Increased, Kidney Failure
AOP:448ROS, inflammation, and activation of nAChR lead to increased incidence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortalityCardiovascular system disease-0.12KE:1443Atherosclerosis
KE:1929Increased incidence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the general population
AOP:450Inhibition of AChE and activation of CYP2E1 leading to sensory axonal peripheral neuropathy and mortalityNervous system disease-Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, Homo sapiens0.29KE:1583Sensory axonal peripheral neuropathy
KE:351Increased Mortality
AOP:451Interaction with lung resident cell membrane components leads to lung cancerCancer-Human0.33KE:870Increase, Cell Proliferation
KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
KE:1670Lung cancer
AOP:463The AOP framwork on silica nanopariticles induced hepatoxicityGastrointestinal system disease-0.27KE:2034liver dysfunction
KE:149Increase, Inflammation
KE:1262Apoptosis
AOP:468Binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 leads to hyperinflammation (via cell death)Unclassified-0.25KE:1868Hyperinflammation
KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
AOP:472DNA adduct formation leading to kidney failureUrinary system disease-0.33KE:1097Occurrence, renal proximal tubular necrosis
KE:759Increased, Kidney Failure
KE:149Increase, Inflammation
AOP:474Succinate dehydrogenase inactivation leads to cancer by promoting EMTCancerUnder DevelopmentHuman and other cells in culture0.2KE:885Increase, Cancer
AOP:475Binding of chemicals to ionotropic glutamate receptors leads to impairment of learning and memory via loss of drebrin from dendritic spines of neuronsDevelopmental disorder of mental healthUnder DevelopmentMouse, Rat, Human, Caenorhabditis elegans0.12KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:483Deposition of Energy Leading to Learning and Memory ImpairmentDevelopmental disorder of mental healthUnder ReviewMouse, Rat, Rabbit, Dog, Pigs, Cow, Human0.12KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:485Thyroid hormone antagonism leading to impaired oligodendrocyte maturation during development and subsequent decreased cognitionCognitive disorder-Human0.14KE:402Cognitive function, decreased
AOP:486Binding to the extracellular protein laminin leading to decreased cognitive functionCognitive disorder-Human0.14KE:402Cognitive function, decreased
AOP:488Increased reactive oxygen species production leading to decreased cognitive functionCognitive disorder-Human0.29KE:1869Diminished protective oxidative stress response
KE:402Cognitive function, decreased
AOP:490Co-activation of IP3R and RyR leads to reduced IQ through non-cholinergic mechanismsDevelopmental disorder of mental health-0.27KE:1350Increased, glutamate
KE:758Hippocampal Physiology, Altered
KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:498Increased LCN2/iron complex leading to neurological disordersNervous system disease-Homo sapiens0.5KE:2150Neurological disorder
KE:191Neuronal dysfunction
AOP:499Activation of MEK-ERK1/2 leads to deficits in learning and cognition via disrupted neurotransmitter releaseDevelopmental disorder of mental health-Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, Homo sapiens0.25KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:500Activation of MEK-ERK1/2 leads to deficits in learning and cognition via ROS and apoptosisDevelopmental disorder of mental health-Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, Homo sapiens0.29KE:1262Apoptosis
KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:501Excessive iron accumulation leading to neurological disordersNervous system disease-Homo sapiens0.25KE:2150Neurological disorder
AOP:504SULT1E1 inhibition leading to uterine adenocarcinoma via increased estrogen availability at target organ levelUnclassified-Mammals0.33KE:1065Activation, estrogen receptor alpha
AOP:505Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) formation leads to cancer via inflammation pathwayCancer-Human, Mouse, Rat0.4KE:885Increase, Cancer
KE:149Increase, Inflammation
AOP:513Reactive Oxygen (ROS) formation leads to cancer via Peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor (PPAR) pathwayCancer-Human, Mouse, Rat0.2KE:885Increase, Cancer
AOP:519Cardiac ion channels blockade leading to increased incidence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortalityCardiovascular system disease-Human and other cells in culture, Guinea pig, Rabbit0.25KE:1929Increased incidence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the general population
AOP:520Retinoic acid receptor agonism during neurodevelopment leading to impaired learning and memoryDevelopmental disorder of mental health-Mouse, Rat, Human0.4KE:2204Altered brain morphology
KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:530Endocytotic lysosomal uptake leads to intestinal barrier disruptionGastrointestinal system disease-0.2KE:1931Intestinal barrier, disruption
AOP:533Retinoic acid receptor antagonism during neurodevelopment leading to impaired learning and memoryDevelopmental disorder of mental health-0.17KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:534Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibition leads to cancer through oxidative stressCancer-Vertebrates0.17KE:885Increase, Cancer
AOP:535Binding and activation of GPER leading to learning and memory impairmentsDevelopmental disorder of mental health-Mouse, Human0.22KE:1262Apoptosis
KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:540Oxidative Stress in the Fish Ovary Leads to Reproductive Impairment via Reduced Vitellogenin ProductionUnclassified-0.44KE:221Reduction, Plasma vitellogenin concentrations
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:1262Apoptosis
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning
AOP:546Succinate dehydrogenase inactivation leads to cancer through hypoxic-like mechanismsCancer-Human and other cells in culture0.4KE:885Increase, Cancer
KE:590N/A, hypoxia
AOP:549Aromatase inhibition leads to reproductive toxicity (including growth and developmental toxicity) in adult female zebrafishUnclassified-0.5KE:221Reduction, Plasma vitellogenin concentrations
KE:1467Growth, reduction
KE:219Reduction, Plasma 17beta-estradiol concentrations
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning
AOP:561Aromatase induction leading to estrogen receptor alpha activation via increased estradiolUnclassified-Vertebrates0.2KE:1065Activation, estrogen receptor alpha
AOP:564DBDPE-induced inhibition of mitochondrial complex Ⅰ leading to population decline via neurotoxicity and metabotoxicity.Unclassified-Zebrafish0.36KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:2301Abnormal, Behavior
KE:40Decrease, Mitochondrial ATP production
KE:351Increased Mortality
AOP:567Binding of plastoquinone B leading to decrease, population growth rate via decrease, photosystem II efficiencyUnclassified-0.17KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate

Associated AOPs with Level of Relevance - 3 AOPs with at least 1 MIE associated with chemical, and no associated AO

AOP Identifier AOP Title AO Classification OECD Status Taxonomic applicability Coverage Score The fraction of KEs within the AOP, that are mapped to the chemical-associated toxicological endpoints. KE Identifier KE Name
AOP:8Upregulation of Thyroid Hormone Catabolism via Activation of Hepatic Nuclear Receptors, and Subsequent Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in MammalsNervous system diseaseUnder DevelopmentRat0.67KE:239Activation, Pregnane-X receptor, NR1l2
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
KE:280Thyroxine (T4) in neuronal tissue, Decreased
KE:757Hippocampal anatomy, Altered
KE:758Hippocampal Physiology, Altered
KE:756Hippocampal gene expression, Altered
AOP:21Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to early life stage mortality, via increased COX-2UnclassifiedWPHA/WNT EndorsedZebrafish, Medaka, Gallus gallus0.4KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:317Altered, Cardiovascular development/function
AOP:41Sustained AhR Activation leading to Rodent Liver TumoursCancer; Gastrointestinal system diseaseUnder ReviewRattus sp. ABTC 42503, Mus sp. 20000820.8KE:854Alterations, Cellular proliferation / hyperplasia
KE:165Activation, Long term AHR receptor driven direct and indirect gene expression changes
KE:853Changes/Inhibition, Cellular Homeostasis and Apoptosis
KE:139N/A, Hepatotoxicity, Hepatopathy, including a constellation of observable effects
AOP:62AKT2 activation leading to hepatic steatosisGastrointestinal system disease; Inherited metabolic disorder-0.25KE:486systemic inflammation leading to hepatic steatosis
AOP:69Modulation of Adult Leydig Cell Function Subsequent to Decreased Cholesterol Synthesis or Transport in the Adult Leydig CellReproductive system disease-Rattus norvegicus, Homo sapiens0.2KE:642Decreased Cholesterol, Decreased De Novo Biosynthesis of Choleseterol
AOP:112Increased dopaminergic activity leading to endometrial adenocarcinomas (in Wistar rat)Reproductive system disease; Cancer-Rattus norvegicus0.33KE:111Agonism, Estrogen receptor
KE:746Increase, Dopaminergic activity
AOP:118Chronic cytotoxicity leading to hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas (in mouse and rat)Cancer; Gastrointestinal system disease-Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus0.5KE:786Increase, Cytotoxicity (hepatocytes)
KE:787Increase, Regenerative cell proliferation (hepatocytes)
AOP:119Inhibition of thyroid peroxidase leading to follicular cell adenomas and carcinomas (in rat and mouse)Cancer; Endocrine system disease-Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus0.71KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
KE:1023Increased, Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
KE:279Thyroperoxidase, Inhibition
KE:739Increase, Hypertrophy and proliferation (follicular cell)
AOP:121Urinary bladder calculi leading to urothelial papillomas and carcinomas (in mouse and rat)Cancer; Urinary system disease-Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus0.4KE:795Increase, Regenerative cell proliferation (urothelial cells)
KE:793Increase, Urinary bladder calculi
AOP:128Kidney dysfunction by decreased thyroid hormoneUrinary system diseaseUnder DevelopmentSprague-Dawley, Homo sapiens0.36KE:819Decreased, Glomerular filtration
KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
KE:825Decreased, Renal ability to dilute urine
AOP:131Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to uroporphyriaInherited metabolic disorderWPHA/WNT EndorsedMouse, Rat, Human, Japanese quail, Chicken, Herring gull, Common Starling0.17KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:150Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to early life stage mortality, via reduced VEGFUnclassifiedWPHA/WNT EndorsedChicken, Zebrafish, Mouse, Rattus norvegicus0.29KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:317Altered, Cardiovascular development/function
AOP:151AhR activation leading to preeclampsiaCardiovascular system diseaseUnder DevelopmentHomo sapiens, Mus musculus0.14KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:167Early-life estrogen receptor activity leading to endometrial carcinoma in the mouse.Reproductive system disease; Cancer-Mouse, Homo sapiens0.43KE:1067Proliferation/Clonal Expansion, aberrant basal cells
KE:1065Activation, estrogen receptor alpha
KE:1064prepubertal increase, Estrogen receptor (ER) activity
AOP:209Perturbation of cholesterol and glutathione homeostasis leading to hepatotoxicity: Integrated multi-OMICS approach for building AOPGastrointestinal system disease-0.25KE:1286Down Regulation, GSS and GSTs gene
KE:1287Glutathione synthesis
AOP:298Increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to human treatment-resistant gastric cancer via chronic ROSCancer; Gastrointestinal system diseaseUnder ReviewHomo sapiens0.17KE:1753Chronic reactive oxygen species
AOP:314Binding to estrogen receptor (ER)-α in immune cells leading to exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)Immune system disease; Musculoskeletal system diseaseUnder DevelopmentHomo sapiens0.2KE:1710Binding to estrogen receptor (ER)-α in immune cells
AOP:414Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to lung fibrosis through TGF-β dependent fibrosis toxicity pathwayMusculoskeletal system disease; Respiratory system disease-0.2KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:415Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to lung fibrosis through IL-6 toxicity pathwayMusculoskeletal system disease; Respiratory system disease-0.2KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:439Activation of the AhR leading to metastatic breast cancerThoracic disease; CancerUnder DevelopmentHumans, Mice0.33KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:149Increase, Inflammation
KE:1262Apoptosis
AOP:440Hypothalamus estrogen receptors activity suppression leading to ovarian cancer via ovarian epithelial cell hyperplasiaBenign neoplasm; Endocrine system disease; Reproductive system disease; Reproductive system disease; Cancer; Endocrine system diseaseUnder DevelopmentHuman, Rat, Mice0.22KE:1046Suppression, Estrogen receptor (ER) activity
KE:1973Increased, estrogens
AOP:445Estrogen Receptor Alpha Agonism leads to Impaired ReproductionReproductive system disease-0.12KE:1065Activation, estrogen receptor alpha
AOP:455Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to early life stage mortality via sox9 repression induced impeded craniofacial developmentMusculoskeletal system diseaseUnder ReviewZebrafish, Mouse, Human, Sebastiscus marmoratus, Salmo salar, Chicken0.17KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:456Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to early life stage mortality via sox9 repression induced cardiovascular toxicityUnclassifiedUnder ReviewZebrafish, Mouse, Human, Chicken0.33KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:317Altered, Cardiovascular development/function
AOP:494AhR activation leading to liver fibrosisGastrointestinal system disease-Mus musculus, Homo sapiens0.17KE:18Activation, AhR
AOP:497ERa inactivation alters mitochondrial functions and insulin signalling in skeletal muscle and leads to insulin resistance and metabolic syndromeInherited metabolic disorder; Disease of metabolism-0.12KE:2126Estrogen receptor alpha inactivation
AOP:503Activation of uterine estrogen receptor-alfa leading to endometrial adenocarcinoma, via epigenetic modulationReproductive system disease; CancerUnder ReviewHuman, Mouse0.17KE:1065Activation, estrogen receptor alpha
AOP:517Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) activation leads to liver steatosisGastrointestinal system disease; Inherited metabolic disorder-Vertebrates0.2KE:239Activation, Pregnane-X receptor, NR1l2
AOP:545Activation, Pregnane-X receptor, NR1l2 leads to increased plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol via increased cholesterol synthesisUnclassified-Mammals0.2KE:239Activation, Pregnane-X receptor, NR1l2
AOP:548Activation, Pregnane-X receptor, NR1l2 leads to increased plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol via increased PCSK9 protein expressionUnclassified-Mammals0.2KE:239Activation, Pregnane-X receptor, NR1l2
AOP:563Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) activation causes Premature Ovarian Insufficiency via Bax mediated apoptosisReproductive system disease; Endocrine system disease-Rat, Mouse, Zebra fish, Human0.33KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:1262Apoptosis

Associated AOPs with Level of Relevance - 5 AOPs with at least 1 MIE and AO associated with chemical, and there exists a directed path between that MIE and AO

AOP Identifier AOP Title AO Classification OECD Status Taxonomic applicability Coverage Score The fraction of KEs within the AOP, that are mapped to the chemical-associated toxicological endpoints. KE Identifier KE Name
AOP:30Estrogen receptor antagonism leading to reproductive dysfunctionUnclassifiedUnder ReviewZebra danio, Fathead minnow, Medaka0.67KE:221Reduction, Plasma vitellogenin concentrations
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:112Antagonism, Estrogen receptor
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning
AOP:42Inhibition of Thyroperoxidase and Subsequent Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in MammalsCognitive disorderWPHA/WNT EndorsedHuman, Rat, Mouse1.0KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
KE:402Cognitive function, decreased
KE:280Thyroxine (T4) in neuronal tissue, Decreased
KE:279Thyroperoxidase, Inhibition
KE:757Hippocampal anatomy, Altered
KE:758Hippocampal Physiology, Altered
KE:756Hippocampal gene expression, Altered
AOP:157Deiodinase 1 inhibition leading to increased mortality via reduced posterior swim bladder inflationUnclassifiedWPHA/WNT EndorsedZebrafish, Fathead minnow0.83KE:351Increased Mortality
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:1003Decreased, Triiodothyronine (T3)
KE:1009Inhibition, Deiodinase 1
KE:1005Reduced, Swimming performance
AOP:158Deiodinase 1 inhibition leading to increased mortality via reduced anterior swim bladder inflationUnclassifiedWPHA/WNT EndorsedZebrafish, Fathead minnow1.0KE:351Increased Mortality
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:1003Decreased, Triiodothyronine (T3)
KE:1007Reduced, Anterior swim bladder inflation
KE:1009Inhibition, Deiodinase 1
KE:1005Reduced, Swimming performance
AOP:159Thyroperoxidase inhibition leading to increased mortality via reduced anterior swim bladder inflationUnclassifiedWPHA/WNT EndorsedZebrafish, Fathead minnow1.0KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
KE:351Increased Mortality
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:1003Decreased, Triiodothyronine (T3)
KE:279Thyroperoxidase, Inhibition
KE:1007Reduced, Anterior swim bladder inflation
KE:1005Reduced, Swimming performance
AOP:175Thyroperoxidase inhibition leading to altered amphibian metamorphosisUnclassified-African clawed frog1.0KE:279Thyroperoxidase, Inhibition
KE:1101Altered, Amphibian metamorphosis
KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
AOP:188Iodotyrosine deiodinase (IYD) inhibition leading to altered amphibian metamorphosisUnclassified-African clawed frog0.8KE:1101Altered, Amphibian metamorphosis
KE:1152Inhibition, Iodotyrosine deiodinase (IYD)
KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
AOP:189Type I iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO1) inhibition leading to altered amphibian metamorphosisUnclassified-African clawed frog1.0KE:1116Decreased, Triiodothyronine (T3) in tissues
KE:1009Inhibition, Deiodinase 1
KE:1101Altered, Amphibian metamorphosis
KE:1003Decreased, Triiodothyronine (T3)
AOP:271Inhibition of thyroid peroxidase leading to impaired fertility in fishUnclassifiedUnder DevelopmentFish1.0KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning
KE:279Thyroperoxidase, Inhibition
KE:221Reduction, Plasma vitellogenin concentrations
KE:219Reduction, Plasma 17beta-estradiol concentrations
AOP:310Embryonic Activation of the AHR leading to Reproductive failure, via epigenetic down-regulation of GnRHRUnclassified-Zebrafish0.42KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning
KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:221Reduction, Plasma vitellogenin concentrations
KE:219Reduction, Plasma 17beta-estradiol concentrations
AOP:363Thyroperoxidase inhibition leading to altered visual function via altered retinal layer structureUnclassifiedUnder ReviewZebrafish1.0KE:1877Altered, retinal layer structure
KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
KE:351Increased Mortality
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:1003Decreased, Triiodothyronine (T3)
KE:279Thyroperoxidase, Inhibition
KE:1643Altered, Visual function
AOP:364Thyroperoxidase inhibition leading to altered visual function via decreased eye sizeUnclassifiedUnder Development0.88KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:351Increased Mortality
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:1003Decreased, Triiodothyronine (T3)
KE:279Thyroperoxidase, Inhibition
KE:1643Altered, Visual function
AOP:365Thyroperoxidase inhibition leading to altered visual function via altered photoreceptor patterningUnclassifiedUnder Development0.88KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:351Increased Mortality
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:1003Decreased, Triiodothyronine (T3)
KE:279Thyroperoxidase, Inhibition
KE:1643Altered, Visual function
AOP:416Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to lung cancer through IL-6 toxicity pathwayCancer-0.33KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:1670Lung cancer
AOP:417Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to lung cancer through AHR-ARNT toxicity pathwayCancer-0.4KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:1670Lung cancer
AOP:418Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to impaired lung function through AHR-ARNT toxicity pathwayRespiratory system disease-0.4KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:1250Decrease, Lung function
AOP:419Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to impaired lung function through P53 toxicity pathwayRespiratory system disease-0.75KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:1250Decrease, Lung function
KE:1262Apoptosis
AOP:420Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation leading to lung cancer through sustained NRF2 toxicity pathwayCancer-0.75KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:870Increase, Cell Proliferation
KE:1670Lung cancer
AOP:458AhR activation in the liver leading to Subsequent Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in MammalsCognitive disorder-Rat, Mouse, Monkey, Human0.75KE:402Cognitive function, decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
KE:280Thyroxine (T4) in neuronal tissue, Decreased
KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:758Hippocampal Physiology, Altered
KE:756Hippocampal gene expression, Altered
AOP:459AhR activation in the thyroid leading to Subsequent Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in MammalsCognitive disorder-Human, Mouse, Rat0.78KE:402Cognitive function, decreased
KE:277Thyroid hormone synthesis, Decreased
KE:281Thyroxine (T4) in serum, Decreased
KE:280Thyroxine (T4) in neuronal tissue, Decreased
KE:18Activation, AhR
KE:758Hippocampal Physiology, Altered
KE:756Hippocampal gene expression, Altered
AOP:493ERa inactivation alters AT expansion and functions and leads to insulin resistance and metabolically unhealthy obesityAcquired metabolic disease-Mus musculus, Homo sapiens0.3KE:2126Estrogen receptor alpha inactivation
KE:2129Metabolically unhealthy Obesity
KE:1497Increased, recruitment of inflammatory cells
AOP:525Reduced oligodendrocyte differentiation during neurodevelopment leading to impaired learning and memoryDevelopmental disorder of mental health-0.23KE:2216Binding of antagonist to thyroid hormone receptor
KE:2115Altered, cholesterol metabolism
KE:341Impairment, Learning and memory
AOP:536Estrogen receptor agonism leading to reduced survival and population growth due to renal failureUnclassified-0.5KE:360Decrease, Population growth rate
KE:111Agonism, Estrogen receptor
KE:351Increased Mortality
AOP:537Estrogen receptor agonism leads to reduced fecundity via increased vitellogenin in the liverUnclassified-0.4KE:111Agonism, Estrogen receptor
KE:78Reduction, Cumulative fecundity and spawning

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We have built a comprehensive resource which compiles potential endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) based on the observed adverse effects or endocrine-mediated endpoints in published experiments on humans or rodents to support basic research. We are not responsible for any errors or omissions in the published research articles or supporting literature on potential EDCs compiled in this resource. Users are advised to exercise their own judgement on the weight of evidence for potential EDCs compiled in this resource. Importantly, our sole goal to build this resource on potential EDCs is to enable future basic research towards better understanding of the systems-level perturbations upon chemical exposure rather than influencing regulatory advice on chemical use.